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Cathepsin D [CTSD/3082]
Description Cathepsin D is a ubiquitously expressed lysosomal protease that is involved in proteolytic degradation, cell invasion, and apoptosis. It is suspected to play important roles in protein catabolism, antigen processing, degenerative diseases, and cancer progression. Cathepsin D is present in many types of cancer cells. In breast cancer, it is induced by estrogens and its expression is correlated with a higher risk of metastasis and poor disease-free survival. Extensive studies have been also performed to evaluate the clinical and therapeutic implication of Cathepsin D expression in nongynecological solid tumors. Although conflicting results have been observed in some reports, evidence emerging from these studies indicated that Cathepin D seems to facilitate early stages of tumor progression such as cell proliferation and local dissemination. (Shipping Cost: €200.00) Host Mouse Application Immunocytochemistry (ICC),Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human, Mouse, Rat,Pig (Porcine), Dog -
Cathepsin D [CTSD/3082]
Description Cathepsin D is a ubiquitously expressed lysosomal protease that is involved in proteolytic degradation, cell invasion, and apoptosis. It is suspected to play important roles in protein catabolism, antigen processing, degenerative diseases, and cancer progression. Cathepsin D is present in many types of cancer cells. In breast cancer, it is induced by estrogens and its expression is correlated with a higher risk of metastasis and poor disease-free survival. Extensive studies have been also performed to evaluate the clinical and therapeutic implication of Cathepsin D expression in nongynecological solid tumors. Although conflicting results have been observed in some reports, evidence emerging from these studies indicated that Cathepin D seems to facilitate early stages of tumor progression such as cell proliferation and local dissemination. (Shipping Cost: €200.00) Host Mouse Application Immunocytochemistry (ICC),Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human, Mouse, Rat,Pig (Porcine), Dog -
MART-1/Melan A [A103]
Description MART-1, also known as Melan-A, is a melanocyte lineage-specific protein (MART-1; melanoma antigen recognized by T cells 1) recognized by the T lymphocytes of patients with established malignancy. MART-1 labels both normal melanocyte and diseased cell with melanocyte differentiation. It is useful for diagnosis of tumors with melanocyte differentiation, especially metastatic melanoma. Identification of MART-1 also opens possibilities for the development of immunotherapies for patients with melanoma. (Shipping Cost: €200.00) Host Mouse Application Flow cytometry (FC), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human, Mouse, Rat, Dog -
MART-1/Melan A [A103]
Description MART-1, also known as Melan-A, is a melanocyte lineage-specific protein (MART-1; melanoma antigen recognized by T cells 1) recognized by the T lymphocytes of patients with established malignancy. MART-1 labels both normal melanocyte and diseased cell with melanocyte differentiation. It is useful for diagnosis of tumors with melanocyte differentiation, especially metastatic melanoma. Identification of MART-1 also opens possibilities for the development of immunotherapies for patients with melanoma. (Shipping Cost: €200.00) Host Mouse Application Flow cytometry (FC), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human, Mouse, Rat, Dog -
Melanoma PNL2 [PNL2]
Description PNL2 antibody labels intraepidermal nevi while the dermal component of compound nevi is largely non-reactive with anti-PNL2. PNL2, MART-1/Melan-A and HMB45 antibodies stain most clear cell sarcoma cells and a few cells in angiomyolipomas and lymphangioleiomyomatosis. Non-melanocytic lesions found to be positive with this marker include PEComas and melanotic schwannoma. Anti-PNL2 is a useful antibody for the identification of melanomas and clear cell sarcomas. Differential diagnosis is aided by the results from a panel of antibodies, including antibodies against HMB45, MART-1, Tyrosinase, and MiTF. The differential diagnosis between benign nevi and malignant melanoma is sometimes difficult, and malignant melanoma may mimic other neoplasms, such as undifferentiated carcinoma, sarcoma or large cell lymphoma. PNL2 is more sensitive for metastatic melanoma (87%) than HMB45 (76%) and MART-1 (82%). A panel of PNL2, S-100 and HMB45 is a highly sensitive and specific marker for mucosal melanoma Host Mouse Application Immunocytochemistry (ICC),Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Reactivity Human, Mouse, Dog -
Melanoma PNL2 [PNL2]
Description PNL2 antibody labels intraepidermal nevi while the dermal component of compound nevi is largely non-reactive with anti-PNL2. PNL2, MART-1/Melan-A and HMB45 antibodies stain most clear cell sarcoma cells and a few cells in angiomyolipomas and lymphangioleiomyomatosis. Non-melanocytic lesions found to be positive with this marker include PEComas and melanotic schwannoma. Anti-PNL2 is a useful antibody for the identification of melanomas and clear cell sarcomas. Differential diagnosis is aided by the results from a panel of antibodies, including antibodies against HMB45, MART-1, Tyrosinase, and MiTF. The differential diagnosis between benign nevi and malignant melanoma is sometimes difficult, and malignant melanoma may mimic other neoplasms, such as undifferentiated carcinoma, sarcoma or large cell lymphoma. PNL2 is more sensitive for metastatic melanoma (87%) than HMB45 (76%) and MART-1 (82%). A panel of PNL2, S-100 and HMB45 is a highly sensitive and specific marker for mucosal melanoma Host Mouse Application Immunocytochemistry (ICC),Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Reactivity Human, Mouse, Dog -
NF-κB p65 [MD35R]
Description Transcription factors of the nuclear factor κ B (NF-κB)/Rel family play a pivotal role in inflammatory and immune responses. There are five family members in mammals: RelA, c-Rel, RelB, NF-κB1 (p105/p50), and NF-κB2 (p100/p52). Both p105 and p100 are proteolytically processed by the proteasome to produce p50 and p52, respectively. Rel proteins bind p50 and p52 to form dimeric complexes that bind DNA and regulate transcription. In unstimulated cells, NF-κB is sequestered in the cytoplasm by IκB inhibitory proteins. NF-κB-activating agents can induce the phosphorylation of IκB proteins, targeting them for rapid degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and releasing NF-κB to enter the nucleus where it regulates gene expression. NIK and IKKα (IKK1) regulate the phosphorylation and processing of NF-κB2 (p100) to produce p52, which is then translocated to the nucleus. (Shipping Cost: €200.00) Host Rabbit Application Flow cytometry (FC), Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), Immunocytochemistry (ICC), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human, Mouse, Rat, Hamster, Monkey, Dog -
NF-κB p65 [MD35R]
Description Transcription factors of the nuclear factor κ B (NF-κB)/Rel family play a pivotal role in inflammatory and immune responses. There are five family members in mammals: RelA, c-Rel, RelB, NF-κB1 (p105/p50), and NF-κB2 (p100/p52). Both p105 and p100 are proteolytically processed by the proteasome to produce p50 and p52, respectively. Rel proteins bind p50 and p52 to form dimeric complexes that bind DNA and regulate transcription. In unstimulated cells, NF-κB is sequestered in the cytoplasm by IκB inhibitory proteins. NF-κB-activating agents can induce the phosphorylation of IκB proteins, targeting them for rapid degradation through the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway and releasing NF-κB to enter the nucleus where it regulates gene expression. NIK and IKKα (IKK1) regulate the phosphorylation and processing of NF-κB2 (p100) to produce p52, which is then translocated to the nucleus. (Shipping Cost: €200.00) Host Rabbit Application Flow cytometry (FC), Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), Immunocytochemistry (ICC), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human, Mouse, Rat, Hamster, Monkey, Dog -
Tumor necrosis factor/TNF alpha [TNFA/1172]
Description Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is a protein secreted by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages, and causes tumor necrosis when injected into tumor bearing mice. TNF-alpha is believed to mediate pathogenic shock and tissue injury associated with endotoxemia. TNFalpha exists as a multimer of two, three, or five non-covalently linked units, but shows a single 17kDa band following SDS-PAGE under non-reducing conditions. TNF-alpha is closely related to the 25kDa protein tumor necrosis factor beta (lymphotoxin), sharing the same receptors and cellular actions. TNF-alpha causes cytolysis of certain transformed cells, being synergistic with interferon gamma in its cytotoxicity. Although it has little effect on many cultured normal human cells, TNF-alpha appears to be directly toxic to vascular endothelial cells. Other actions of TNFalpha include stimulating growth of human fibroblasts and other cell lines, activating polymorphonuclear neutrophils and osteoclasts, and induction of i Host Mouse Application Flow cytometry (FC), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Reactivity Human, Mouse, Rat, Rabbit, Cat, Dog -
Tumor necrosis factor/TNF alpha [TNFA/1172]
Description Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) is a protein secreted by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages, and causes tumor necrosis when injected into tumor bearing mice. TNF-alpha is believed to mediate pathogenic shock and tissue injury associated with endotoxemia. TNFalpha exists as a multimer of two, three, or five non-covalently linked units, but shows a single 17kDa band following SDS-PAGE under non-reducing conditions. TNF-alpha is closely related to the 25kDa protein tumor necrosis factor beta (lymphotoxin), sharing the same receptors and cellular actions. TNF-alpha causes cytolysis of certain transformed cells, being synergistic with interferon gamma in its cytotoxicity. Although it has little effect on many cultured normal human cells, TNF-alpha appears to be directly toxic to vascular endothelial cells. Other actions of TNFalpha include stimulating growth of human fibroblasts and other cell lines, activating polymorphonuclear neutrophils and osteoclasts, and induction of i Host Mouse Application Flow cytometry (FC), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Reactivity Human, Mouse, Rat, Rabbit, Cat, Dog