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Lambda Light Chain [HP6054]
Description Each immunoglobulin molecule consists of two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains. There are two types of light chains designated as kappa and lambda. The gene rearrangement process that generates the immunoglobulin molecule results in either a productive kappa or lambda gene. The lambda light chain antibody labels the lambda light chain that expresses normal and neoplastic B lymphocytes and plasma cells. Other cells may also express lambda light chain due to nonspecific uptake of immunoglobulin. Individual B cells express either kappa or lambda light chains. Monoclonality is generally assumed to be evidence of a malignant proliferation. The pairing of a kappa with a lambda light chain antibody is useful for identifying monoclonality of lymphoid malignancies. (Shipping Cost: €200.00) Host Mouse Application Flow cytometry (FC), Immunocytochemistry (ICC),Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human -
Lambda Light Chain [HP6054]
Description Each immunoglobulin molecule consists of two identical heavy chains and two identical light chains. There are two types of light chains designated as kappa and lambda. The gene rearrangement process that generates the immunoglobulin molecule results in either a productive kappa or lambda gene. The lambda light chain antibody labels the lambda light chain that expresses normal and neoplastic B lymphocytes and plasma cells. Other cells may also express lambda light chain due to nonspecific uptake of immunoglobulin. Individual B cells express either kappa or lambda light chains. Monoclonality is generally assumed to be evidence of a malignant proliferation. The pairing of a kappa with a lambda light chain antibody is useful for identifying monoclonality of lymphoid malignancies. (Shipping Cost: €200.00) Host Mouse Application Flow cytometry (FC), Immunocytochemistry (ICC),Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human -
Laminin Alpha 2/Merosin [5H2]
Description Laminins are essential and abundant structural non-collagenous glycoproteins localizing to basement membranes. Basement membranes (cell-associated extracellular matrices (ECMs)) are polymers of laminins with stabilizing Type IV Collagen networks, Nidogen and several proteoglycans. Basement membranes are found under epithelial layers, around the endothelium of blood vessels, and surrounding muscle, peripheral nerve and fat cells. Formation of basement membranes influences cell proliferation, phenotype, migration, gene expression and tissue architecture. Each laminin is a heterotrimer of α, β and γ chain subunits that undergoes cell-secretion and incorporation into the ECM. Laminins can self-assemble and bind to other matrix macromolecules, and have unique and shared cell interactions mediated by integrins, dystroglycan and cognate laminin receptors. The human Laminin α-2 gene is necessary for sustenance of mature muscle cells. The Laminin α-2 gene is associated with congenita. (Shipping Host Mouse Application ELISA, Immunocytochemistry (ICC),Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human, Monkey, Rabbit -
Lysozyme/Muramidase [EPR2994(2)]
Description Lysozyme is a ubiquitous enzyme defined as muraminidase catalyzing the hydrolysis of the beta glycosidic bond in bacterial peptidoglycan, a major component of the bacterial cell wall. Lysozyme in tissues and body fluids is associated with the monocyte-macrophage system and enhances the activity of immunoagents. Lysozyme C catalyzes the hydrolysis of certain mucopolysaccharides of bacterial cell walls. Specifically, it catalyzes the hydrolysis of the bacterial cell wall beta glycosidic linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine. It is found in the spleen, lung, kidney, white blood cells, plasma, saliva, milk, and tears. Defects in Lysozyme C are a cause of amyloidosis type 8 (AMYL8), also known as systemic non-neuropathic amyloidosis or Ostertag-type amyloidosis. Lysozyme immunoreactivity has been found in myeloid cells, histiocytes, granulocytes, macrophages, and monocytes. It is a good marker for macrophages that are activated in phagocytosis. Lysozyme has been usef Host Rabbit Application Immunocytochemistry (ICC),Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human, Mouse -
Lysozyme/Muramidase [EPR2994(2)]
Description Lysozyme is a ubiquitous enzyme defined as muraminidase catalyzing the hydrolysis of the beta glycosidic bond in bacterial peptidoglycan, a major component of the bacterial cell wall. Lysozyme in tissues and body fluids is associated with the monocyte-macrophage system and enhances the activity of immunoagents. Lysozyme C catalyzes the hydrolysis of certain mucopolysaccharides of bacterial cell walls. Specifically, it catalyzes the hydrolysis of the bacterial cell wall beta glycosidic linkages between N-acetylmuramic acid and N-acetylglucosamine. It is found in the spleen, lung, kidney, white blood cells, plasma, saliva, milk, and tears. Defects in Lysozyme C are a cause of amyloidosis type 8 (AMYL8), also known as systemic non-neuropathic amyloidosis or Ostertag-type amyloidosis. Lysozyme immunoreactivity has been found in myeloid cells, histiocytes, granulocytes, macrophages, and monocytes. It is a good marker for macrophages that are activated in phagocytosis. Lysozyme has been usef Host Rabbit Application Immunocytochemistry (ICC),Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human, Mouse -
Macrophage L1 Protein [MAC387]
Description Recognizes the L1 or Calprotectin molecule, an intra-cytoplasmic antigen comprising of a 12kDa alpha chain and a 14kDa beta chain expressed by granulocytes, monocytes and by tissue macrophages. Macrophages usually arise from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow. Under migration into tissues, the monocytes undergo further differentiation to become multifunctional tissue macrophages. They are classified into normal and inflammatory macrophages. Normal macrophages include macrophages in connective tissue (histiocytes), liver (Kupffer’s cells), lung (alveolar macrophages), lymph nodes (free and fixed macrophages), spleen (free and fixed macrophages), bone marrow (fixed macrophages), serous fluids (pleural and peritoneal macrophages), skin (histiocytes, Langerhans's cell) and in other tissues. Inflammatory macrophages are present in various exudates. Macrophages are part of the innate immune system, recognizing, engulfing and destroying many potential pathogens including bacteria, Host Mouse Application Flow cytometry (FC), Immunocytochemistry (ICC),Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC) Reactivity Human, Baboon, Monkey, Bovine,Pig (Porcine), Goat, Horse, Cat, Dog (Canine), Rabbit, Guinea Pig, Rat, Mouse -
Major Vault Protein (MVP) [1032]
Description Recognizes a protein of 104kDa-110kDa, characterized as major vault protein (MVP). Vaults are large ribonucleoprotein particles (RNPs) present in all eukaryotic cells. They have a complex morphology, including several small molecules of RNA, but a single protein species. The MVP accounts for >70% of their mass. Their shape is reminiscent of the nucleopore central plug. Treatment of cells with estradiol increases the amount of MVP in nuclear extract. The hormone-dependent interaction of vaults with ER is prevented in vitro by sodium molybdate. Antibodies to estrogen, progesterone and glucocorticoid receptors are able to co-immunoprecipitate the MVP. MVP is overexpressed in many neoplastic tissues and cell lines. Expression of MVP predicts a poor response to chemotherapy. (Shipping Cost: €200.00) Host Mouse Application Flow cytometry (FC), Immunocytochemistry (ICC),Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Immunoprecipitation (IP), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human, Rat -
MAP3K1 (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase 1) [2F6]
Description Mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase cascades are activated by various extracellular stimuli, including growth factors. The MEK kinases (also designated MAP kinase kinase kinases, MKKKs, MAP3Ks or MEKKs) phosphorylate and thereby activate the MEKs (also called MAP kinase kinases or MKKs), including ERK, JNK and p38. These activated MEKs in turn phosphorylate and activate the MAP kinases. The MEK kinases include Raf-1, Raf-B, Mos, MEK kinase-1, MEK kinase-2, MEK kinase-3, MEK kinase-4 and ASK 1 (MEK kinase- 5). MEK kinase-1 activates the ERK and c-Jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) pathways by phosphorylation of MAP2K1 and MAP2K4, and also activates the central protein kinases of the NFĪŗB pathway, CHUK and IKBKB. Additionally, MEK kinase-1 uses an E3 ligase through its PHD domain, a RING-finger-like structure, to target proteins for degradation through ubiquitination. (Shipping Cost: €200.00) Host Mouse Application Flow cytometry (FC), Immunocytochemistry (ICC),Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human -
MAP3K3/MEKK3 (Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinase Kinase 3) [5C1]
Description MEKKs (Mitogen activated protein kinase kinase kinases) are serine-threonine kinases that act as the first tier of cellular MAP kinase pathways by activation of MAP/ERK kinases, or MEKs. Many enzymes with MEKK activity have been identified, including MEKK1-4, Raf, MLK3, TAK, and DLK. MEKKs generally display little similarity outside of their catalytic kinase domains. MEKK1-4 are nearly 50% identical within their catalytic domains, and are known to regulate Erk, Jnk, and p38 MAP kinase pathways. MEKK2 and MEKK3 bind MEK5 via conserved PB1 domains, leading to downstream activation of Erk5. (Shipping Cost: €200.00) Host Rabbit Application Flow cytometry (FC), Immunocytochemistry (ICC),Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human, Mouse, Rat -
MCM2 [MD32R]
Description Minichromosome maintenance protein 2 (MCM2), also known as DNA replication licensing factor MCM2, is a member of the MCM family that regulates mammalian DNA replication. This family is composed of six related subunits, called the hexameric MCM2-7 complex, that are conserved in all eukaryotes. It functions as a replicative helicase, the molecular motor that both unwinds duplex DNA and powers fork progression during DNA replication. MCM2 acts as a factor to license DNA for one and only one round of replication per cell cycle. In the cell cycle, levels of the MCM family gradually increase in a variable manner from G0 into the G1/S phase. In the G0 stage, the amounts of MCM2 and MCM5 proteins are much lower than that of MCM7 and MCM3 proteins, so some of them participate in cell cycle regulation. MCM2 is localized in the nucleus throughout interphase. It is required for entry into the S phase and cell division. Anti-MCM2 labels proliferating cells in normal and tumor tissue. MCM2 has been Host Rabbit Application Chromatin Immunoprecipitation (ChIP), Immunocytochemistry (ICC), Immunofluorescence (IF), Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Western Blot (WB) Reactivity Human, Mouse, Rat, Monkey