Forkhead box O (FOXO) or FKHR (forkhead in rhabdomyosarcoma is a member of the forkhead family of transcription factors which plays an important role in modulating metabolic functions. Given the relatively high expression of FOXO1 in insulin-responsive tissues, this transcription factor is highly poised to regulate energy metabolism. When nutrient and insulin levels are low, FOXO1 promotes expression of gluconeogenic enzymes. Conversely, in the fed state, insulin levels rise and stimulate uptake of glucose primarily into skeletal muscle and other organs, including adipose tissue. Under certain pathophysiologic conditions, including insulin resistance, negative signaling to FOXO1 is compromised. (Shipping Cost: €200.00)

CD8a (Cytotoxic- & Suppressor T-Cell Marker) [SPM548]

CD8 is a cell surface receptor expressed either as a heterodimer with the CD8 β chain (CD8 α/β) or as a homodimer (CD8 α/α). A majority of thymocytes and a subpopulation of mature T cells and NK cells express CD8a. CD8 binds to MHC class 1 and through its association with protein tyrosine kinase p56lck plays a role in T cell development and activation of mature T cells. For mature T-cells, CD4 and CD8 are mutually exclusive, so anti-CD8, generally used in conjunction with anti-CD4. It is a useful marker for distinguishing helper/inducer T-lymphocytes, and most peripheral T-cell lymphomas are CD4+/CD8-. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma is usually CD4+ and CD8-, and in T-lymphoblastic lymphoma/leukemia, CD4 and CD8 are often co-expressed. CD8 is also found in littoral cell angioma of the spleen.

CD8a (Cytotoxic- & Suppressor T-Cell Marker) [SPM548]